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KMID : 0921620170470020075
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Journal of Bacteriology and Virology
2017 Volume.47 No. 2 p.75 ~ p.86
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Gut Microbiome, a Potent Modulator of Epigenetics in Human Diseases
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Kim Jung-Ae
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Abstract
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Human physiology and pathology can be affected by different nutritional conditions. At cellular level, the availability of a nutritional component not only mediates metabolic reactions but also transmits signals for diverse biological activities. Epigenetic regulation such as DNA methylation and histone post-translational modifications is considered as one of the nutrient-mediated signaling receivers as almost all of the epigenetic enzyme activities require intermediary metabolites as cofactors. The gut microbiome as “forgotten organ” has been suggested as a metabolite generator as well as a nutrient sensor for its host organism, affecting human health and diseases. Given the metabolite-dependent activities of epigenetic regulators, the gut microbiome has a high potential to influence the epigenetics in human physiology. Here, I review the involvement of gut microbiome in diverse human diseases and the mechanisms of epigenetic regulation by different metabolites. Thereafter, I discuss how the gut microbiome-generated metabolites affect host epigenetics, raising a possibility to develop a therapeutic intervention based on the interaction between the microbiome and epigenetics for human health.
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KEYWORD
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Gut microbiome, Metabolism, Epigenetics
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